Tern Evtol
Solar Electric Vertical Takeoff and Landing Ultralight Aircraft for Overlanding Adventures
2023 Capstone Project
  Go Anywhere   |   No Obstacles   |   Any Terrain Â
Travel IndefinitelyÂ
Fly   |   Camp   |   Solar-Charge   |   Repeat Â
Research
User Identity
They enjoy camping, backpacking, world travel, modding and Self reliance. They care about environmental stewardshipÂ
Eager to develop adventure skills such as:Â
navigation
survival
electrical mechanicalÂ
operationsÂ
piloting
emergency and problem solvingÂ
Process Work
Initial Ideation
I'v had many ideas for VTOL aircraft configurations over the years. Many things informed this evolving project from my industrial design education to my pilot training. Through conversations with my flight instructor, and a better understanding of aviation my ideas became more realistic Summer 2022 EVTOL Design Competition
An especially grounding experience was the EVTOL design competition I won in 2022, where I optimized existing technologies to calculate an efficient and convenient design with good range and met ultralight legal requirements. This design competition formed the foundation for the aircraft that became my capstone project.Â
User Experience Storyboard
identifying vehicle requirements through envisioning circumstances.
Tent Ideation
Brainstorming on how the interior transforms from a flying space to a sleeping spaceÂ
Weight And Balance
The lifting forces must all be equal so when added together they are focused on the center of gravity. otherwise one propeller or wing would be doing more work than the others- decreasing efficiency. I determined to place the passenger seat over the CÂ of G as well so that the craft is always perfectly balanced regardless of load. It was a challenging to design a craft that would be theoretically stable in both horizontal and vertical flight.Â
Gravity Sketch VR Design Mockup
Interconnected system
A large part of this project was figuring out all the interrelated parts fit together. Batteries, Storage, Tent, landing gear, Bed, seats, Aerodynamic considerations, VR was really useful for bringing all these interrelated parts together into one whole.Â
Design RefinementÂ
Aerodynamic ConsiderationsÂ
Interior Design Â
Interface and Controls
Determining the look and feel: I created an inspiration board of examples of flowing organic designs, drawing from these forms to bring the smooth exterior surfacing into the interior.
Seat Design
I began by generating ideas with AI, then picking the best features I began drawing a lightweight frame and mesh char. Â the initial angular form was rounded to better match the look and feel of the exterior.Â
Flight Mode
Camp Mode
Sleep Mode
Mixed Reality Prototyping Techniques - Half Scale Tent
Using the 3d model I created In Gravity Sketch VR, I was able to look through my headset to trace the geometry onto foam core and cloth. I cut out these shapes, stitched and glued them together to make a prototype to test the feasibility of the concentric folding pop up tent design. This proved to be a simple design that was easily collapsible, and could store in a tight location.Â
Form DevelopmentÂ
Visual LanguageÂ
The design language was unified by focusing on form and features of arctic creatures. the feet wings and beak of Arctic Terns and Puffins, and the forms and patterns of the Orca. Solar Simplification
Initially inspired by ladybug wings, the solar panels were simplified, angles can be adjusted to face the sun. Final Design
10% Scale Works Like Model: In Progress
Software Tools Used In the processÂ